在职博士英语长难句训练题及解析1

　　在职博士的英语考试对于很多在职人员来说是有难度的，所以考生平时就要多做一些练习题来提高个人水平。

　　1. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in waysthat weaken the court's reputation for beingindependent and impartial.

　　【分析】复合句。主句主干为 justices acted。in severalinstances 和 in ways作状语， that 引导定语从句修饰ways。

　　【译文】然而，在一些情况下，法官的行为方式削弱了法院保持中立且公正的名声。

　　2. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court's decisions will be accepted asimpartial judgements.

　　【分析】复合句，主句为 That kind of activity makes it less likely, it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是 that 引导的名词性从句。

　　【译文】这类行为使得法院的裁定被认为是公正判决的可能性有所下降。

　　【词法拓展】it 作形式宾语放在动词与宾语补足语之间，指代不定式、动名词、从句等，此时，it 无实际意义。这种情况只能用于能以名词或形容词作宾语补足语的动词后面，如feel, consider, find, believe, make, take, imagine,suppose, think, deem, regard, count 等。

　　3. At the very least, the court should make itselfsubject to the code of conduct that applies to therest of the federal judiciary.

　　【分析】复合句。At the very least在句首作状语，that 引导定语从句修饰 the code of conduct。

　　【译文】至少，法院应当服从适用于联邦司法系统其余部门的行为准则。

　　4. They gave justices permanent positions so theywould be free to upset those in power and have noneed to cultivate political support.

　　【分析】复合句。主句为 They gave justices permanent positions, so 引导目的状语从句，从句主干为they would be free...and have no need...。

　　【译文】他们给予法官们终身任期，以便法官们能自由地****当权者，且无需拉拢政治支持。

　　5. Constitutional law is political because it resultsfrom choices rooted in fundamental social conceptslike liberty and property.

　　【分析】复合句。主句为 Constitutional law ispolitical。because 引导原因状语从句;其中分词短语rooted in... 作定语修饰 choices, 介词短语 like libertyand property 修饰 concepts。

　　【译文】宪法是由植根于自由和所有权等基本社会观念的选择造成的，因此它是政治性的。